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1 DE DICIEMBRE 2012 . DIA MUNDIAL DE LA LUCHA CONTRA EL SIDA

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Más del 50% en los casos de nuevas infecciones por el VIH en 25 países, a tan solo 1000 días para que los países deban haber cumplido los objetivos mundiales en materia de sida.

Mensaje del Secretario de Naciones Unidas en el Día Internacional  de la lucha contra el Sida Ban Ki-moon;

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6HHGjxWWiQM&feature=player_embedded

Antecedentes

El Día Mundial de la Lucha contra el SIDA se celebra en todo el mundo el 1 de diciembre de cada año. Se ha convertido en uno de los días intenacionales de la salud más reconocidos y en una oportunidad clave para crear conciencia, recordar a aquellos que han fallecido, y celebrar las victorias como el acceso a servicios de prevención y tratamiento.

ONUSIDA ha liderado la campaña por el Día Mundial del SIDA desde su lanzamiento en 2004. A partir de 2004, el Comité directivo mundial encargado de la Campaña Mundial contra el SIDA empezó a seleccionar temas para el Día Mundial de la lucha contra el SIDA, en consulta con la sociedad civil, así como los organismos y agencias que participan en la lucha contra el SIDA.

Los temas tienen una duración de uno a dos años y no solo se usan para el Día Mundial del SIDA. Los mensajes de las campañas como «Detén el SIDA. Mantén la promesa», se han usado durante el año para que los gobiernos rindan cuentas sobre sus compromisos relacionados con el VIH y el SIDA.

El nuevo informe del Día mundial del sida, Resultados, elaborado por el Programa Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas sobre el VIH/sida (ONUSIDA) muestra que la rapidez sin precedentes con la que se ha mejorado la respuesta al sida está dando resultados.

Descenso en las nuevas infecciones por el VIH en niños

El área en la que quizás se haya logrado un avance más significativo es en la reducción de las nuevas infecciones por el VIH en niños. En los últimos dos años, la mitad de las reducciones registradas a nivel mundial en los índices de nuevas infecciones por el VIH se han dado en niños.

Menos muertes relacionadas con el sida

El informe revela que la terapia antirretrovírica se está consolidando como una poderosa fuerza de cambio para salvar vidas. En los últimos 24 meses, el número de personas con acceso al tratamiento ha aumentado en un 63% a escala mundial.

Más inversión

El informe indica que los países están aumentado las inversiones destinadas a la respuesta al sida, a pesar del difícil clima económico actual. La brecha mundial en cuanto a los recursos que se necesitan anualmente para 2015 es de un 30%. En 2011, se disponía de 16 800 millones de dólares estadounidenses, y se necesitan entre 22.000 y 24.000 millones.

Faltan 1000 días

Según datos de 2011, se calcula que:

  • 34 millones [31,4 millomnes – 35,9 millones] de personas viven con el VIH en el mundo
  • 2,5 millones [2,2 millomnes – 2,8 millones] de personas contrajeron la infección por el VIH
  • 1,7 millones [1,5 millomnes – 1,9 millones] de personas fallecieron a causa de enfermedades relacionads con el sida

10 objetivos para 2015

  • Reducir a la mitad la transmisión sexual del VIH, también entre los jóvenes, los hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres y en el contexto del comercio sexual;
  • Acabar con la transmisión vertical del VIH y reducir a la mitad la mortalidad materna relacionada con el sida;
  • Evitar que se produzcan nuevas infecciones por el VIH entre los usuarios de drogas;
  • Proporcionar acceso universal a la terapia antirretrovírica a las personas seropositivas que reúnen las condiciones para recibirla,
  • Reducir a la mitad las muertes a causa de la tuberculosis entre las personas que viven con el VIH;
  • Garantizar que las personas seropositivas y los hogares afectados por el virus se incluyen en las estrategias de protección social nacionales, y que tienen acceso a servicios básicos de atención y apoyo;
  • Reducir a la mitad el número de países que aplican leyes y prácticas punitivas en torno a la transmisión del VIH, el comercio sexual, el consumo de drogas o la homosexualidad;
  • Eliminar las restricciones a la entrada, la estancia o la residencia relacionadas con el VIH en la mitad de las naciones que las aplican;
  • Garantizar que al menos la mitad de todas las respuestas nacionales al VIH atienden las necesidades relacionadas con el virus de mujeres y niñas;
  • No tolerar la violencia basada en cuestiones de género.

UNAIDS World AIDS Day Report 2012: (INFORME ONUSIDA 2012)

http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/epidemiology/2012/gr2012/JC2434_WorldAIDSday_results_en.pdf

Mapa de prevalencia del SIDA:

http://www.unaids.org/documents/20101123_2010_HIV_Prevalence_Map_em.pdf

Los niños y el SIDA;

http://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Children_and_AIDS_Fourth_Stocktaking_Report_EN_110609.pdf

Ahead of World AIDS Day on Dec 1, 2011, WHO, UNICEF, and UNAIDS launched the Global HIV/AIDS Response 2011 progress report on Nov 30. The report is the fifth such annual report published since 2006. As John Zarocostas reports in this month’s Newsdesk, the latest edition contains much good news on treatment and prevention, but the gains made by past efforts are jeapardised by the ongoing global financial crisis and dwindling funds.

ENGLISH VERSION;
 
The number of people receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) is increasing, with over 6·65 million patients in middle-income and low-income countries receiving treatment at the end of 2010. In the same year, nearly a half of pregnant women living with the HIV received prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Being on treatment has an impact on prevention as well. In sub-Saharan Africa, clinical trials have shown that if an HIV-positive person receives ART the risk of transmitting the virus to a partner is cut by 96%. Increased access to HIV-care services resulted in a reduction of new infections from 3·1 million in 2001 to 2·7 million in 2010, and a 22% decline in AIDS-related deaths in the past 5 years.
Despite the promising data contained in the report, funding for HIV/AIDS care is a concern. At their meeting on Nov 21—22 in Accra, Ghana, the board of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria decided to cut its present round of funding and to postpone funding for new projects until at least 2014. The move was prompted by a lack of financial support from donors and has caused dismay around the world. The Global Fund has established a transitional funding mechanism to provide emergency relief to current recipients who will run out of money before 2014. However, this will not allow countries to scale up their interventions to improve HIV care. Reduced funding will mean less support for HIV/AIDS support programmes and put at risk the goal of universal access to treatment by 2015.
At the end of 2010, the total amount of money made available by both International agencies and domestic funding bodies for HIV was US$15 billion. But international assistance for HIV care declined from $8·7 billion in 2009 to $7·6 billion in 2010. Economic uncertainty threatens the future of people who still do not have access to treatment, many of whom do not even know that they are infected with HIV. Social and political marginalisation of certain groups means that programmes to reach them might be most at risk in the face of funding cuts, but in many cases these groups are now the stronghold of the epidemic and key in the fight against it. Particularly vulnerable groups include adolescent girls, people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, transgender people, sex workers, prisoners, and migrants. For example, in eastern Europe ART coverage is low at 23%, and the most affected people—those who inject drugs—are most likely to be unable to access care.
The amount of money invested in the AIDS response from donor countries has fallen by 10% in 2010. Therefore, all countries must figure out how best to provide intervention with decreasing available funds. UNAIDS has recently established an investment framework with the intention to better manage national and international responses to HIV. The aim is to show that money sensibly invested and well spent can have a huge effect by reducing new infections and keeping people alive. This framework can be used by countries to refine current national programmes. Countries such as Brazil and Cambodia have looked at their own budgets and revised their current programmes. Other countries are encouraged to use the investment framework to revise their national efforts. Even with the optimisation approach suggested by the framework, investments needed to achieve and maintain universal accesss to ART would continue to rise, peaking at $22—24 billion in 2015, but this investment would avert 12·2 million new HIV infections, including 1·9 million infections among children, and 7·4 million AIDS-related deaths between 2011 and 2020.
The 2011 HIV/AIDS report shows successes in the HIV response. But after years of international investment, just when we seem to have the right technologies, drugs, and approaches to keep the epidemic under control, success hangs in the balance. Universal access to treatment by 2015 is certainly an ambitious goal, but a realistic one if donor governments can maintain their commitment and if recipient nations adopt strategic and sustainable approaches in their HIV/AIDS programmes. Money well spent today means less money spent tomorrow.

Today, organisations of people living with HIV are a key driving force in the response to HIV/AIDS, giving a personal power to people living positively with the virus, and inspiring others to action. In this section, you will find more information about PLHIV campaigns and activities.

PLHIV are activists, informed patients, care givers, educators, researchers, policy makers, and health care providers. They ask questions, and do not rest before they have an answer or a solution to their challenges. PLHIV are leaders in stopping HIV and show visionary leadership in implementing and supporting prevention, treatment and care.

However, this leadership has not come easy. At the beginning of the epidemic at the Denver AIDS Conference in 1983 people living with HIV had to storm the stage to be heard. The Denver conference signalled the birth of the PLHIV movement, and first articulated the GIPA principle. People living with HIV and AIDS demanded the right to be involved in every level of decision making affecting their lives, and to determine their own agenda. These rights are as valid now as they were then.

Why is positive leadership important?

Networks of people living with HIV/AIDS have been harnessing the leadership of PLHIV for over twenty years.

Over that time global networks have organised eleven international PLHIV conferences. Women living with HIV have made the needs and challenges visible of children, mothers and grandmothers living with and affected by HIV.

Networks of PLHIV have been leaders in setting up The Global Fund against AIDS, TB and Malaria and have ensured the involvement of PLHIV is anchored in The Global fund mechanisms on global as well as national level.

PLHIV and their supporters have lead advocacy efforts with governments all over the world for faster and increased access to essential treatment. And in many places succeeded.

Nevertheless, PLHIV still struggle to remain in control over their own lives. International political leaders have been – at best – inconsistent in recognising the importance of leadership and involvement of PLHIV. On a global scale public health initiatives rarely are designed together with people living with HIV or with the interest of PLHIV in mind. Instead recent policies around testing, prevention, breast feeding and access to safe abortions are little more but virus containment strategies, which ultimately will be ineffective without PLHIV involvement.

It is essential that global leaders fully recognise the value of involving PLHIV. Without the leadership of PLHIV, universal access to prevention, treatment and care will remain a dream. Without the leadership of people living with HIV stigma and discrimination of PLHIV will prevail and human rights violations against people living with HIV will continue. And without an open environment for all people living with HIV the uptake of testing and prevention measures will lag behind, and the HIV epidemic will not be halted.

Desde La Dirección de Contenidos De TRAZOS DIGITAL, compartimos con el mundo esta lucha contra la enfermedad

Fuente: UE / ONU / TRAZOS 2012

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